The Portuguese Securities Commission convened its annual conference to examine how continuous and disruptive technological innovation could reshape capital market structures, market functioning and the wider economy in Portugal and the European Union. Discussions focused on technology’s role in market transformation and the need to use capital markets to support competitiveness, innovation and economic and social well-being. Participants also considered the interaction between new technologies and investor protection, including the effects of artificial intelligence on investors and supervised entities and the role of regulation. The conference highlighted research on how distributed ledger technology could disintermediate relationships between listed companies and equity investors.