Estonia's Ministry of Finance published Estonia’s third national risk assessment covering 2020–2024, setting out the main threats and vulnerabilities related to money laundering, terrorism financing and the financing of weapons of mass destruction proliferation. The assessment notes improved awareness and capacity to address these risks, while highlighting areas where risk is increasing. Positive developments include stronger domestic and international cooperation on anti-money laundering and a marked increase in the Financial Intelligence Unit’s (Rahapesu Andmebüroo, RAB) supervisory and analytical capacity, alongside a more orderly virtual currency sector. On the downside, the assessment flags growing provision of “money laundering services”, with criminal networks using intermediaries to conceal the origin of assets, and identifies continued higher risk in cash-based sectors such as casinos, catering and real estate; sector-specific threats and vulnerabilities are described as having increased among company service providers and gambling organisers. Terrorism financing risk in Estonia is assessed as predominantly low, with risks stemming mainly from abroad, particularly Russia, and from cross-border transactions and the use of virtual currencies. A government committee on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing approved the three-part report on 30 September, and the ministry indicated that the next step is to prepare an action plan to turn the assessment’s follow-ups and proposals into concrete risk-mitigation measures.

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