The World Bank has published its Economic Update for the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan and Pakistan (MENAAP), warning that the latest Middle East conflict is already taking a serious economic toll by disrupting markets, increasing financial volatility, and weakening the 2026 growth outlook. Excluding Iran, regional growth is projected to slow from 4.0% in 2025 to 1.8% in 2026, which is 2.4 percentage points below the World Bank Group’s January projections. The report links the deterioration to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz and the destruction of energy and public infrastructure, with the downgrade concentrated in Gulf Cooperation Council economies and Iraq. Growth in the GCC has been cut by 3.1 percentage points since January and is now projected to slow from 4.4% in 2025 to 1.3% in 2026. Downside risks include a prolonged conflict that could further lift energy and food prices, weaken trade, tourism and remittances, raise fiscal pressures, and increase displacement. Separately, the update examines industrial policy across MENAAP, noting widespread adoption in the past decade often via sovereign wealth funds and state-owned enterprises, mixed results, and the need for strong institutions and careful targeting.