Japan's Ministry of Finance, alongside other Japanese and Australian government agencies, published a memorandum establishing a bilateral framework for faster, coordinated strategic financing in support of shared economic security interests. The cooperation will focus on supply chain resilience, including critical minerals and energy, and strategically significant investments across the Indo-Pacific, including Japan and Australia. Policy and financing agencies will hold early discussions on potential co-investments, establish coordination points for regular project reviews and improve information sharing on risks, opportunities and national and economic security considerations. The framework also supports joint private sector outreach and potential use of Japan's Overseas Economic Security Arrangement Account and Australia's National Interest Account. It seeks to coordinate investment, avoid duplicated efforts and identify financing gaps, including for projects outside normal private investment or risk parameters. The memorandum is not legally binding. It took effect when signed on Oct. 2, 2026, and will remain in place until either participant discontinues it with at least six months' written notice.