The Authority for Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism has published standards governing how it and national financial supervisors will work together to identify and directly supervise the most significant cross-border financial institutions in the European Union. The framework is meant to support the shift from purely national anti-money laundering and counterterrorism financing supervision to AMLA-led group-level supervision for a limited set of higher-impact firms starting in 2028. The standards set out the selection process and the transfer of supervisory responsibility. National supervisors will collect and quality-check the relevant data, while AMLA will conduct the risk assessment, decide which entities fall under its direct supervision and publish the results on its website. When supervision moves between national authorities and AMLA, the transferring authority must provide the receiving authority with the firm’s full supervisory history to avoid gaps. The framework also limits reporting burdens by requiring detailed data only from entities identified as eligible and exempting firms from reporting where supervisors can already determine that they do not qualify. Once adopted by the European Commission, the standards will apply to the data collection and selection process ahead of the start of AMLA’s direct supervision in 2028.