The BIS Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI) and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) have published a Level 3 implementation monitoring report on financial market infrastructures’ (FMIs) management of general business risks, alongside a consultative report proposing supplemental guidance to the CPMI-IOSCO Principles for financial market infrastructures (PFMI). The assessment report highlights serious issues of concern, including around FMIs’ arrangements for holding liquid net assets funded by equity to cover potential general business losses. The Level 3 assessment reviews implementation of PFMI Principle 15 (general business risk) across a sample of 34 FMIs. Reported shortcomings include how FMIs determine the amount of liquid net assets funded by equity to cover potential losses from different sources of risk, the robustness of recovery and orderly wind-down planning, and the adequacy of plans for raising additional equity. The proposed guidance is aimed at FMIs and relevant authorities and addresses these issues, including in the context of recovery and orderly wind-down. Comments on the consultative report are due by 6 February 2026. Submissions will be published on the BIS and IOSCO websites unless otherwise requested, and respondents are asked not to include sensitive information or to provide redactions for publication.