The Reserve Bank of India has issued the Second Amendment Directions to its 2025 Non-Banking Financial Companies Concentration Risk Management Directions, changing how NBFCs determine capital for compliance with credit and investment concentration limits. The amendments align the definitions of owned fund and Tier 1 capital with the 2025 NBFC Prudential Norms on Capital Adequacy Directions, and require an NBFC to obtain an external auditor's certificate after a capital augmentation and submit it to the Department of Supervision before any addition to capital funds can be counted for concentration norms. For compliance with the concentration norms in paragraphs 13 and 14 of the master direction, applicable Tier 1 capital must now be determined using the NBFC's latest available financial statements, whether audited or subject to limited review. The directions also clarify that Tier 1 capital in this context is the term defined in paragraph 10 of the 2025 capital adequacy directions. The changes apply to all NBFCs and took effect immediately.