The U.S. House Financial Services Committee is holding a full committee hearing on payments innovation, the changing roles of banks and fintechs, and the opportunities and risks tied to special-purpose charters. In prepared remarks, Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Chairman Andy Barr said the discussion will focus on how new payment technologies and business models are reshaping the U.S. payments system and testing whether existing regulatory and chartering frameworks remain clear, consistent and fit for purpose. The hearing is set to examine the role of mobile payment applications, digital wallets, real-time payments and other emerging services, alongside the growing importance of chartering, supervision and access to payment infrastructure for new entrants. Barr said members will review the history and purpose of bank and non-bank charters, including industrial loan companies, trust banks, money transmitters and other special-purpose entities, as well as the regulatory and compliance obligations attached to those structures. He also framed the review around questions of regulatory consistency, risk management, competition and whether unnecessary complexity can be reduced without weakening safeguards for consumers and businesses.