Ceres has published a report arguing that corporate participation in landscape initiatives can complement company-level due diligence in managing nature-related supply chain risks, particularly deforestation and ecosystem conversion. Aimed at investors engaging agricultural and forestry companies, the report presents landscape initiatives as multi-stakeholder programs in sourcing regions that address interconnected environmental, economic and social risks that individual companies cannot solve alone, while supporting longer-term supply chain resilience. The report also gives investors a framework of questions to assess the business value, materiality, credibility and likely impact of a company’s participation in these initiatives. Ceres cites 2024 CDP data showing that nearly 350 companies disclosed engagement in more than 570 landscape initiatives, with a median investment of USD 300,000 per company, and points to companies including Nestlé, Mondelēz and International Paper as examples of firms pursuing landscape-level projects beyond their direct supply chains.