The Central Bank of Nigeria published balance of payments data showing an overall surplus of USD 4.60 billion in Q3 2025, reversing the deficit recorded in the preceding quarter. The improvement was supported by a current account surplus of USD 3.42 billion and an increase in external reserves to USD 42.77 billion at end-September 2025, up from USD 37.81 billion at end-June. The goods account remained in surplus at USD 4.94 billion, with total goods exports of USD 15.24 billion, including crude oil exports of USD 8.45 billion and a 44% rise in refined petroleum product exports to USD 2.29 billion, while refined petroleum product imports fell 12.7%. The secondary income account posted a USD 5.50 billion surplus, including USD 5.24 billion in remittance inflows. On the financial account, Nigeria recorded a net lending position of USD 0.32 billion, with foreign direct investment inflows of USD 0.72 billion and portfolio investment inflows of USD 2.51 billion.