The Central Bank of Poland released preliminary balance of payments data for September 2025 showing a current account deficit of PLN 3.1bn, compared with a deficit of PLN 3.5bn in September 2024. The outcome reflected surpluses in services (PLN 14.1bn) and secondary income (PLN 2.3bn), offset by deficits in primary income (PLN 15.1bn) and trade in goods (PLN 4.4bn). Goods exports rose 5.3% year on year to PLN 128.1bn and imports increased 6.8% to PLN 132.4bn, with both reaching their highest levels since the beginning of the year. Export growth was strongest in agricultural products, other consumer goods and passenger cars, with re-exports supporting the latter two categories, while imports increased most in other consumer goods, armament and capital goods; fuel import values also rose, driven by record crude oil deliveries of 2.7 million tonnes. Services exports increased 2.0% to PLN 39.7bn and services imports rose 5.1% to PLN 25.6bn, while the primary income deficit widened by PLN 1.2bn year on year, mainly due to a deterioration in the direct investment balance as foreign investors’ direct investment income rose to PLN 12.9bn.