China's National Financial Regulatory Administration issued the Measures for the Consolidated Supervision and Management of Insurance Groups, revising the former China Insurance Regulatory Commission’s consolidated supervision guidelines to strengthen group-wide oversight and risk prevention. The Measures place greater responsibility on insurance groups for consolidated management and require the consolidation scope to be determined under a substance-over-form principle. They also tighten expectations on internal governance, including focusing on core business, strengthening audit oversight, and periodically assessing member companies, and they call for enhanced enterprise-wide risk management aimed at group-specific risks such as risk concentration, contagion and hidden risks. Additional requirements cover stronger controls over intragroup transactions and the establishment of risk isolation mechanisms, alongside strengthened asset-liability linkage management to prevent double counting of capital and reduce excessive leverage risk. The regulator said it will move forward with implementation of the Measures.