The Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets has published a review finding that internal audit functions at financial firms are becoming more professional and increasingly provide independent assurance over internal controls, risk management and governance. The assessment covered six large banks, four insurers and five large financial services providers. Audit functions are also expanding their attention to customer interests, organizational culture and emerging risks. Banks and insurers generally have a strong foundation, including alignment with professional standards, organizational independence and ongoing quality assurance. Although financial services providers are not directly required to establish an internal audit function, several have adopted forms of independent review suited to their size, risks and complexity. Where firms establish such a function, the authority expects it to reflect the role and responsibilities of an independent third line. Recommended practices include incorporating customer interests into audit planning, using data analysis and providing an overall assessment of internal controls.