Bank Indonesia and Women's World Banking have launched a study on developing gender-responsive inclusive business models, drawing lessons from subsistence groups in Indonesia. The study is intended to guide stakeholders in strengthening support for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, particularly women-led businesses, through improved financial access, literacy, capacity and participation in economic decision-making. The study supports Bank Indonesia’s Inclusive Economy and Finance Program for Subsistence Groups, which has operated since 2021 and is now being replicated across all of the central bank’s domestic representative offices. Planned enhancements include applying the principles of access, participation, control and benefits, strengthening women’s representation and leadership, and using adaptive and inclusive digital technology. Women manage 64.5% of Indonesia’s MSMEs and represent 58.39% of the creative economy workforce, according to 2025 official data.

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