De Nederlandsche Bank has published a podcast episode examining how dependence on global supply chains for critical goods and inputs can affect the Dutch economy. In the discussion, DNB explains that disruptions in the supply of key components such as chips can reduce industrial output, lengthen delivery times, raise prices and add to inflation while weighing on economic growth. The episode points to recent supply chain shocks including the Covid-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, US import tariffs, the war in Iran, the Suez Canal blockage, and shortages linked to natural disasters and climate change. It argues that these vulnerabilities are best addressed through coordinated European policy, including building strategic stockpiles, strengthening production of critical intermediate goods and spreading sourcing of essential products across multiple suppliers.