De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB) has published its Financial Stability Report, warning that the likelihood of economic and financial shocks affecting the Netherlands remains elevated amid geopolitical tensions and heightened uncertainty about global economic policy. The report underscores the need to maintain financial and digital resilience across the financial sector, government and society. Key risk drivers include fragmentation in international trade and renewed tariff and trade restriction disputes, alongside more prevalent digital and hybrid threats targeting financial institutions. DNB flags historically high US equity valuations and the risk of abrupt market corrections, rising sovereign refinancing costs and growing concern about the sustainability of French sovereign debt, and strain on institutional frameworks including the independence of the US Federal Reserve with potential spillovers via the US government bond market. While Dutch banks are described as having robust capital buffers and ample liquidity and insurers and pension funds as having strong fundamentals, DNB highlights vulnerabilities from interconnectedness between banks and non-bank financial intermediaries, including growth in private credit where underlying exposures are not always clear. The report also notes the stablecoin market has grown beyond USD 300 billion globally, largely in the United States, and warns that large-scale redemptions could force asset sales and amplify market volatility, while pointing to potential efficiency gains in cross-border payments if regulatory frameworks are implemented uniformly. DNB also links financial stability to longer-term competitiveness, calling for structural reforms and targeted investment in capital goods, knowledge and skills, and for deeper European cooperation to complete the single market, integrate capital markets and explore simplification of European banking rules without weakening resilience.