The International Monetary Fund published a Selected Issues Paper on housing affordability in the Czech Republic, concluding that worsening affordability reflects a structural imbalance in which income-driven demand has persistently outpaced housing supply constrained by slow permitting processes and municipal fragmentation. Using a structural vector autoregression framework, the paper quantifies the contributions of demand, supply, and monetary shocks to movements in Czech house prices. It finds that monetary policy can moderate cyclical pressures, but sustainable affordability gains would require structural reforms to address construction-sector rigidities, scale affordable housing development, and modernize property taxation.