The Central Bank of the Philippines released preliminary data showing gross international reserves (GIR) rose to USD 111.1 billion as of end-November 2025, equivalent to 7.4 months’ worth of imports of goods and payments of services and primary income. The level also covers about 3.8 times the country’s short-term external debt on a residual-maturity basis. GIR are composed of foreign-denominated securities, foreign exchange and other assets including gold, and are used to help finance imports and external debt obligations, stabilize the currency and provide a buffer against external shocks. The central bank defined short-term debt on a residual-maturity basis as outstanding external debt with original maturity of one year or less plus principal payments on medium- and long-term loans of the public and private sectors falling due within the next 12 months, and reiterated adequacy conventions of at least three months’ import cover and full coverage of foreign liabilities falling due over the coming 12-month period.