Bank of Indonesia published Indonesia’s International Investment Position (IIP) statistics showing net liabilities increased in the fourth quarter of 2025 to USD272.6 billion from USD261.8 billion in the third quarter, as foreign financial liabilities rose more than foreign financial assets. Foreign financial assets (FFA) increased to USD558.5 billion from USD545.5 billion, driven mainly by higher reserve assets and larger direct and portfolio investment positions, with valuations also supported by rising gold prices and global equity prices. Foreign financial liabilities (FFL) rose to USD831.1 billion from USD807.3 billion, primarily reflecting higher portfolio investment positions alongside increases in direct and other investment, with higher domestic equity prices also contributing. On a year-end basis, net liabilities increased from USD245.7 billion at end-2024 to USD272.6 billion at end-2025, as FFL grew by USD61.9 billion (8.0% year-on-year) versus a USD34.9 billion (6.7% year-on-year) increase in FFA. Bank Indonesia pointed to an IIP-to-GDP ratio of 18.8% in 2025 and a liability structure dominated by long-term instruments (93.2%), primarily direct investment, and said it will remain vigilant to global economic dynamics and monitor risks related to the net liability position.