Global Regulator & Central Bank News Roundup
Edition 232026Week of June 8
Global developments
The Financial Stability Board is consulting on 12 non-binding sound practices for responsible AI adoption by financial institutions. The practices set expectations for board oversight, accountability, AI risk management and documentation, while requiring proportionate controls across the AI lifecycle, including model selection, data quality, explainability, performance testing and human oversight. They also address AI-related cyber and ICT risks and third-party dependencies, including transparency, supply chain concentration and business continuity.
The Financial Stability Board has issued a consultation report proposing 12 sound practices for financial institutions to adopt, use and innovate with artificial intelligence responsibly. The practices are framed as a non-binding menu rather than an international standard, and are intended to help institutions manage AI-specific risks while applying proportionality based on their size, complexity, interconnectedness, and the materiality and risk of each AI use case. The practices set expectations across two main areas. At the organisation-wide level, boards and senior management are expected to align AI adoption with the institution’s business model, risk appetite and strategy, set clear accountability and governance arrangements, incorporate AI risks into risk management frameworks, maintain documentation of AI use cases, and adapt oversight, skills and controls as AI technologies evolve. Across the AI lifecycle, institutions are expected to assess materiality and risk at inception and over time, select AI models or systems based on business, operational and technical needs, maintain fit-for-purpose data governance, address explainability and transparency through explainable models or compensating controls where needed, and test and monitor AI performance against the use case’s materiality and risk. The final practices focus on the operational risk dimensions of AI adoption. Institutions are expected to design human oversight that is meaningful and proportionate to the autonomy, complexity and explainability of the AI use case, including stronger controls for generative AI and agentic AI. They are also expected to manage AI-related cyber and information and communication technology risks through testing, scenario exercises, information sharing and use of AI-enabled defensive tools where appropriate. For third-party AI, the practices emphasise due diligence, contractual safeguards, transparency and assurance tools, oversight of data quality and performance, concentration risk management, supply chain resilience and business continuity.
The International Organization of Securities Commissions issued final, non-binding recommendations to help regulators review secondary market disclosure frameworks for listed entities with public reporting obligations, superseding its previous secondary markets disclosure principles while leaving its primary market disclosure principles unchanged. The framework covers general disclosure principles, periodic and event-driven disclosure content, and accountability and controls.
The International Organization of Securities Commissions published final recommendations for secondary market disclosure, updating and consolidating its guidance for regulators reviewing disclosure frameworks for listed entities with public reporting obligations. The recommendations supersede IOSCO’s previous secondary markets disclosure principles as non-binding guidance, while leaving its primary market disclosure principles unchanged. The framework covers disclosure requirements across three areas: general disclosure principles, content of periodic and event-driven disclosures, and accountability and controls. It recommends that listed entities disclose material information fairly, consistently and on a timely basis, provide annual and interim reports and event-driven disclosures, avoid selective disclosure before public release, file information with regulators, disseminate information publicly and make it accessible, including through machine-readable formats where appropriate. The recommendations also set expectations for annual reports, interim reports and controls. Annual reports should include audited financial statements, business and risk information, management’s discussion and analysis, market risk information, material legal proceedings, corporate governance, executive compensation, capital structure, significant voting ownership and material related party transactions. Interim reports should include interim financial statements and updated management analysis, while listed entities should maintain disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting, with responsible persons identified for disclosure.
The Bank for International Settlements Financial Stability Institute examined options to restore AT1’s role as going-concern capital. It argues that reforms should focus on dilutive market-linked conversion, removal of writedown and discretionary going-concern triggers, and higher automatic CET1-linked triggers, while weighing effects on funding costs, buffer usability and resolution funding.
The Bank for International Settlements Financial Stability Institute published a brief examining how Additional Tier 1 instruments could be redesigned to function more effectively as going-concern capital. The brief finds that AT1 instruments have largely failed to absorb losses while banks remain viable because current designs rely on low trigger thresholds, discretionary activation and loss-absorption mechanisms that do not give shareholders sufficient incentives to recapitalise early. The brief identifies three core reforms: making sufficiently dilutive, variable and market-linked conversion the main going-concern loss-absorption mechanism; eliminating writedown and discretionary going-concern triggers; and setting Common Equity Tier 1-linked automatic triggers high enough to support recovery. It argues that writedown can transfer value to shareholders in a going concern, while current conversion terms often resemble writedown because conversion prices or floors are set too high to impose meaningful dilution. The brief frames the reform choice against an alternative of phasing out AT1 as regulatory capital. It notes that stronger going-concern functionality could raise bank funding costs, affect buffer usability and leave less residual AT1 available at the point of non-viability, but could also preserve a contractual mechanism that encourages earlier recapitalisation under stress.
The Bank for International Settlements published a working paper finding that nearly 60% of stablecoin transfer events occur within complex Ethereum transactions rather than standalone payments. The paper says USDT, USDC and PYUSD show distinct usage patterns, underscoring that stablecoin activity should be measured and monitored by transaction structure rather than treated as uniform payment activity.
The Bank for International Settlements published a working paper examining stablecoin transaction structures on Ethereum and finding that transfer-level data can materially misstate how stablecoins are used. Based on 593 million event logs from 141 million Ethereum transactions involving USDT, USDC and PYUSD in 2025, the paper finds that 31.6% of stablecoin transactions involve additional contract interactions or multiple transfers, while 59.96% of stablecoin transfer events occur within complex transactions rather than standalone value transfers. The paper develops a replicable framework using archive node data, public contract labels and event signatures to measure transaction complexity across token and contract co-usage, action type, computational complexity, urgency and timing. It finds that the three stablecoins are not used interchangeably: USDC and USDT are more deeply embedded in composable smart contract activity, while PYUSD activity is more concentrated in simple transfers and shows a stronger alignment with American business hours. The paper concludes that treating stablecoin transfers as standalone payments risks misclassifying a large share of on-chain activity, overstating payment activity and distorting measures of stablecoin usage, volume and concentration. It says transaction-level structure is relevant for empirical measurement, market monitoring and policy analysis, including assessments of stablecoins used in settlement-like activity.
The World Federation of Exchanges launched a consultation on draft Transition Equity Principles for exchanges that choose to classify issuers on credible decarbonisation pathways. The framework would require climate-goal alignment, entity-level transition plans, safeguards, annual review and related disclosures.
The World Federation of Exchanges launched a formal consultation on draft Transition Equity Principles, setting out a global framework for exchanges that choose to establish Transition Equity Classification Frameworks. The principles would allow equities, including initial public offerings, to voluntarily obtain a Transition Equity Classification where issuers are not currently “green” or “sustainable” but are on credible pathways toward alignment with an overarching climate goal. The classifications are intended to improve access to capital for issuers pursuing decarbonisation objectives and provide investors with decision-useful information on transition pathways. The draft framework contains five core principles. Issuers would need to demonstrate alignment with an exchange-set climate goal rooted in the Paris Agreement, publish an entity-level transition plan, comply with minimum safeguards, undergo at least annual assessment by an approved reviewer and make disclosures supporting their claims. The proposed safeguards include recommended caps on fossil-fuel-related turnover and/or capital expenditure in new fossil-fuel activities, with exchanges required to explain where no cap is set. Exchanges may also apply optional investment or revenue thresholds for activities considered “green,” “enabling” or “contributing towards climate objectives.” The consultation closes on 8 October. Once the principles are finalised, the World Federation of Exchanges intends to publish supporting guidance covering implementation, relevant transition planning standards and frameworks, indicative ranges for fossil-fuel caps and optional thresholds, reviewer considerations, terminology and operational standards.
The International Monetary Fund announced that Tobias Adrian will step down as Financial Counsellor and Director of the Monetary and Capital Markets Department on August 31, 2026. Adrian, who has served since 2017, led the Fund’s macro-financial work and oversaw financial sector surveillance, monetary and macroprudential policy, capital markets, digital finance, and financial stability across more than 100 countries annually.
The International Monetary Fund has announced that Tobias Adrian will step down as Financial Counsellor and Director of its Monetary and Capital Markets Department on August 31, 2026. Adrian has served in the role since 2017 and led the Fund’s macro-financial work through a period of major global shocks. During his tenure, Adrian oversaw the IMF’s work on financial sector surveillance, monetary and macroprudential policy, capital markets, digital finance, and financial stability. The department delivered policy advice, surveillance, program support, and capacity development across more than 100 countries annually, while his work also covered crisis management, debt vulnerabilities, exchange rate issues, the Global Financial Stability Report, the Integrated Policy Framework for capital flow volatility, and the Fund’s policy work on digital money and financial innovation.
Active global consultations
The Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions is consulting on proposed good practices to strengthen oversight of over-the-counter commodity derivatives markets by supporting the effective implementation of Principles 12, 15 and 16 on OTC data collection, intervention powers and responses to disorderly markets. The consultation responds to IOSCO’s finding that commodity market participants often hold linked positions across exchange-traded, OTC and physical markets, creating risks to price formation, volatility and market integrity when Market Authorities lack timely visibility over large or concentrated positions, including positions held under common ownership and control. The proposed practices address three areas: collection and aggregation of OTC and exchange trading activity, with a proportionate and risk-sensitive focus on beneficial ownership data, critical or significant contracts, related OTC contracts and factors such as market interdependence, size, liquidity and existing controls; preventing or addressing disorderly markets, including expectations that regulators have effective powers to intervene in relevant OTC markets and that exchanges use available information and position management tools to protect orderly trading; and information sharing and cooperation, including stronger communication between exchanges and regulators, among regulators and through cross-border mechanisms during market stress. The practices also emphasize stringent safeguards for sensitive OTC data and transparent intervention policies so oversight can improve market integrity without unnecessary or duplicative reporting burdens.
The Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions is consulting on proposed good practices to strengthen oversight of over-the-counter commodity derivatives markets by supporting the effective implementation of Principles 12, 15 and 16 on OTC data collection, intervention powers and responses to disorderly markets. The consultation responds to IOSCO’s finding that commodity market participants often hold linked positions across exchange-traded, OTC and physical markets, creating risks to price formation, volatility and market integrity when Market Authorities lack timely visibility over large or concentrated positions, including positions held under common ownership and control. The proposed practices address three areas: collection and aggregation of OTC and exchange trading activity, with a proportionate and risk-sensitive focus on beneficial ownership data, critical or significant contracts, related OTC contracts and factors such as market interdependence, size, liquidity and existing controls; preventing or addressing disorderly markets, including expectations that regulators have effective powers to intervene in relevant OTC markets and that exchanges use available information and position management tools to protect orderly trading; and information sharing and cooperation, including stronger communication between exchanges and regulators, among regulators and through cross-border mechanisms during market stress. The practices also emphasize stringent safeguards for sensitive OTC data and transparent intervention policies so oversight can improve market integrity without unnecessary or duplicative reporting burdens.
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions are consulting on a 2026 update to the public quantitative disclosure standards for central counterparties, with a focused aim of adding margin-related disclosures to support transparency and comparability under the Principles for financial market infrastructures. The standards set the minimum public quantitative disclosures expected of central counterparties alongside the Disclosure framework, helping authorities, participants and the public compare risk controls, understand financial resources and financial condition, assess systemic importance and evaluate the risks of direct or indirect participation. The update responds to earlier work on margining practices and the transparency and responsiveness of initial margin in centrally cleared markets, and adds new disclosures in Principle 6 and Annex 1 on initial margin responsiveness and associated volatility for the most relevant products by clearing service. The broader matrix continues to organize disclosures by relevant principles, covering credit risk, collateral, margin, liquidity risk, exchange-of-value settlement, defaults, segregation and portability, general business risk, custody and investment risk, operational risk, access and participation, tiered participation, FMI links and market data, with explanatory notes to promote accurate, comparable and appropriately contextualized reporting by central counterparties.
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions are consulting on a 2026 update to the public quantitative disclosure standards for central counterparties, with a focused aim of adding margin-related disclosures to support transparency and comparability under the Principles for financial market infrastructures. The standards set the minimum public quantitative disclosures expected of central counterparties alongside the Disclosure framework, helping authorities, participants and the public compare risk controls, understand financial resources and financial condition, assess systemic importance and evaluate the risks of direct or indirect participation. The update responds to earlier work on margining practices and the transparency and responsiveness of initial margin in centrally cleared markets, and adds new disclosures in Principle 6 and Annex 1 on initial margin responsiveness and associated volatility for the most relevant products by clearing service. The broader matrix continues to organize disclosures by relevant principles, covering credit risk, collateral, margin, liquidity risk, exchange-of-value settlement, defaults, segregation and portability, general business risk, custody and investment risk, operational risk, access and participation, tiered participation, FMI links and market data, with explanatory notes to promote accurate, comparable and appropriately contextualized reporting by central counterparties.
The Financial Stability Board is seeking feedback on a proposed, non-binding set of 12 proportionate sound practices to support responsible artificial intelligence adoption by all types of financial institutions while enabling sustained value creation and limiting risks to financial stability. The consultation responds to the accelerating use of traditional AI, generative AI and agentic AI across financial services, and to the risks and vulnerabilities that may arise as adoption scales. The practices are organized around two areas: (1) Practices addressing organization-wide governance including board and senior management oversight, alignment with business strategy and risk appetite, clear accountability, incorporation of AI risks into risk management frameworks, effective documentation and organizational adaptability as AI evolves. (2) Practices across the AI lifecycle, covering how financial institutions assess, select, deploy, monitor and retire AI models and systems. These practices focus on materiality and risk assessment, data governance, explainability, transparency, performance management and human oversight. They also address AI-related cyber and ICT risks and third-party AI risks, including those linked to performance, data quality, supply chains, concentration and business continuity.
The Financial Stability Board is seeking feedback on a proposed, non-binding set of 12 proportionate sound practices to support responsible artificial intelligence adoption by all types of financial institutions while enabling sustained value creation and limiting risks to financial stability. The consultation responds to the accelerating use of traditional AI, generative AI and agentic AI across financial services, and to the risks and vulnerabilities that may arise as adoption scales. The practices are organized around two areas: (1) Practices addressing organization-wide governance including board and senior management oversight, alignment with business strategy and risk appetite, clear accountability, incorporation of AI risks into risk management frameworks, effective documentation and organizational adaptability as AI evolves. (2) Practices across the AI lifecycle, covering how financial institutions assess, select, deploy, monitor and retire AI models and systems. These practices focus on materiality and risk assessment, data governance, explainability, transparency, performance management and human oversight. They also address AI-related cyber and ICT risks and third-party AI risks, including those linked to performance, data quality, supply chains, concentration and business continuity.
The Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions is consulting on proposed good practices for regulators and equity trading venues to address how market liquidity is evolving during the trading day, especially the growing concentration of trading in end-of-day auctions. The consultation is based on a global stocktake of equity market liquidity patterns and responds to potential implications for market integrity, operational resilience and investor protection, including reduced liquidity during continuous trading, heightened volatility around the close, risks of “marking the close,” cross-asset manipulation and pressure on trading venues during concentrated trading windows. IOSCO’s proposed good practices cover five areas: continued assessment of trades executed in end-of-day auctions, post-close sessions and other mechanisms that guarantee execution at the closing price; stronger operational risk and resilience arrangements, including business continuity and disaster recovery plans, capacity headroom, cybersecurity programs and real-time system monitoring; risk-based market surveillance that incorporates intraday liquidity metrics and addresses manipulation risks across trading phases and related derivatives markets; calibration and review of volatility control mechanisms to account for liquidity concentrations and significant shifts in liquidity dynamics; and supervisory approaches that assess how trading venues monitor and respond to risks arising from changing intraday liquidity patterns.
The Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions is consulting on proposed good practices for regulators and equity trading venues to address how market liquidity is evolving during the trading day, especially the growing concentration of trading in end-of-day auctions. The consultation is based on a global stocktake of equity market liquidity patterns and responds to potential implications for market integrity, operational resilience and investor protection, including reduced liquidity during continuous trading, heightened volatility around the close, risks of “marking the close,” cross-asset manipulation and pressure on trading venues during concentrated trading windows. IOSCO’s proposed good practices cover five areas: continued assessment of trades executed in end-of-day auctions, post-close sessions and other mechanisms that guarantee execution at the closing price; stronger operational risk and resilience arrangements, including business continuity and disaster recovery plans, capacity headroom, cybersecurity programs and real-time system monitoring; risk-based market surveillance that incorporates intraday liquidity metrics and addresses manipulation risks across trading phases and related derivatives markets; calibration and review of volatility control mechanisms to account for liquidity concentrations and significant shifts in liquidity dynamics; and supervisory approaches that assess how trading venues monitor and respond to risks arising from changing intraday liquidity patterns.
Regional developments
The New Zealand Anti-Scam Alliance published its 2026 work programme to strengthen scam prevention, detection, and disruption across sectors. Planned actions include stronger codes, expanded data sharing, online content removal tools, wider scam reporting, and more targeted public awareness.
The New Zealand Anti-Scam Alliance published its 2026 work programme, setting out cross-sector actions to protect New Zealanders from scams through improved disruption tools, data sharing, public guidance, and stronger sector codes and practices. The programme builds on work since the Alliance was established in July 2025, including banking scam protection commitments, updates to telecommunications and online scams codes, new fraud intelligence technology, and a cross-sector pilot that blocked more than 23,000 malicious domains and intercepted 3.1 million access attempts between Oct. 1, 2025, and March 31, 2026. For June to December 2026, the Alliance will advance measures across voluntary codes, collaboration, disruption, and education. Planned actions include a six-month review of banking scam protection commitments, public feedback on updates to the Telecommunications Forum’s Scam Prevention Code, research on cross-sector data sharing, expansion of Confirmation of Payee, a safe harbour to encourage online service providers to remove suspected scam content, a Trusted Flagger framework to help regulators and law enforcement provide reliable information on suspected scams to online providers and improve the speed and accuracy of content removal, wider 7726 scam and spam reporting for Google Android devices, a new New Zealand Police Economic Crime Team to improve targeting and investigation of prolific fraud and scam offenders, a cyber incident reporting portal, and more targeted public awareness campaigns.
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Securities Commission Malaysia and Bursa Malaysia launched the MY Value Up Programme Guidebook, a practical, principles-based framework for public listed companies to prepare voluntary MY Value Up plans focused on medium to long term value creation, stronger capital discipline and clearer forward-looking disclosures. The programme, introduced in April 2026 under the Capital Market Masterplan 2026-2030, is aimed at catalysing strategic value creation among Malaysian PLCs and enhancing the attractiveness of Corporate Malaysia by improving capital and operational efficiency, value communication, investor engagement and market confidence. The guidebook gives companies a common reference point for setting out their business context, current state analysis, value-up objectives, growth strategies, capital allocation priorities, shareholder return frameworks and stakeholder engagement approach. It is underpinned by four core principles — voluntary, forward-looking, proportional and board accountability — and encourages a structured, board-led process that is embedded into management, reporting and investor relations practices. It also includes illustrative plan components, suggested financial and sector-specific metrics such as ROE, ROIC-WACC and shareholder return indicators, as well as qualitative considerations covering governance, sustainability, business continuity and digitalisation. Implementation will follow a phased roadmap. Following the April 2026 programme launch and June 2026 guidebook release, participating PLCs, initially focused on companies with market capitalisation above RM4 billion, are expected to submit Value Up Plans to SC and Bursa Malaysia by end-2026 to build familiarity with forward guidance disclosure. In 2027, participating companies are expected to voluntarily release their plans publicly, with the list of participants published to signal commitment and support greater market visibility.
The New Zealand Financial Markets Authority published findings on insurer use of non-monetary benefits and short-duration sales campaigns. It said such incentives can create conflicts that risk unfair consumer outcomes and found variation in insurers’ design, approval, monitoring and review practices. The FMA will test arrangements under the CoFI regime and may require changes or take regulatory action where weaknesses are found.
The New Zealand Financial Markets Authority published findings from its engagement with insurers on how they manage customers’ interests when using non-monetary benefits and short-duration sales campaigns. The update reinforces expectations under the Conduct of Financial Institutions regime that insurers must treat consumers fairly, including where products and services are distributed through intermediaries. The FMA said these incentives can heighten conflicts of interest and may be inconsistent with fair conduct requirements even where they are not prohibited incentives. The findings show that most insurers have policies, processes, systems and controls to identify and manage conflicts from benefits and campaigns, but practices vary. Some insurers used narrow design processes, while others applied multi-layer approvals, board visibility or risk ratings. Oversight also varied, with some insurers reviewing campaigns only after they ended, some monitoring during the campaign period, and some relying on complaints or ad hoc feedback rather than proactive outcomes-based reviews. The FMA said insurers should be able to demonstrate that their controls for managing incentives are effective in practice. It will test insurers’ arrangements through supervisory and monitoring activity under the CoFI regime and may expect prompt changes, withdrawal of campaigns, remediation, licence condition changes, direction orders or civil action where weaknesses or breaches are identified.
Bank Negara Malaysia, the World Bank Group and UNDP BIOFIN released a report guiding Malaysian financial institutions and firms on nature-related risk assessment and disclosure. It finds that 54% of Malaysian banks’ commercial lending is to sectors highly or very highly dependent on ecosystem services, while 36% is to sectors exerting high or very high pressures on nature. The report recommends stronger data, capacity-building, supervisory guidance and a phased path toward mandatory nature-related disclosure.
Bank Negara Malaysia, the World Bank Group and the United Nations Development Programme Biodiversity Finance Initiative released a joint report providing guidance for Malaysian financial institutions and firms to assess and disclose nature-related dependencies, impacts, risks and opportunities. The report finds that nature loss poses material economic and financial risks for Malaysia, with 54% of Malaysian banks’ commercial lending at end-2024 directed to sectors with high or very high dependencies on ecosystem services and 36% to sectors exerting high or very high pressures on nature. Palm oil and construction are identified as particularly significant sources of exposure because of their economic importance, links to bank lending and material dependencies on and impacts on nature. The report applies the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures’ Locate, Evaluate, Assess and Prepare approach through surveys, interviews, an updated ENCORE analysis of commercial lending and pilot assessments with three financial institutions and two firms. It finds that awareness of nature-related risks is rising, but practical understanding remains limited, data is often fragmented, asset-level location information is incomplete, scenario analysis is still nascent and nature-related opportunities remain underexplored. Existing Malaysian sustainability frameworks remain largely climate-focused, while nature-related assessment and disclosure are still mostly voluntary and constrained by limited methodological support, capacity gaps and unclear regulatory expectations. The report recommends that financial institutions begin integrating nature into risk management, collect more granular client and asset data, and develop financing for nature-positive outcomes. Firms are encouraged to build internal capacity, use sector-specific guidance, consolidate existing data and extend climate and ESG governance to nature. Public sector entities are advised to improve access to nature data, integrate nature into the Malaysia Taxonomy, expand the Joint Committee on Climate Change mandate to cover nature, strengthen supervisory guidance and establish a phased path toward mandatory nature-related disclosure.
The European Banking Authority launched an early consultation on the 2027 EU-wide stress test methodology, templates and guidance. The draft framework reduces required data points by 55%, aligns reporting with harmonised supervisory data and integrates climate risks. The exercise will cover 63 banks from the European Union and Norway, representing 75% of the European Union banking sector.
The European Banking Authority published draft methodology, templates and template guidance for the 2027 EU-wide stress test, launching the industry consultation earlier than in previous exercises to support banks’ preparation. The exercise introduces a simplified framework that reduces required data points by 55% compared with the previous EU-wide stress test, aligns information with harmonised supervisory reporting and integrates climate risks into the EU-wide stress test. The 2027 exercise will cover 63 banks from the European Union and Norway, including 47 from the euro area, representing 75% of the European Union banking sector. The stress test will use year-end 2026 figures and apply baseline and adverse scenarios over 2027 to 2029. The exercise remains a constrained bottom-up stress test with some top-down elements. Banks will project the impact of the common scenarios using their own models, subject to strict constraints and review by competent authorities, with prescribed parameters for net fee and commission income and sovereign credit loss paths and prescribed formulas for interest rate margin components. Results will feed into the supervisory review and evaluation process and be published by the European Banking Authority on a bank-by-bank and aggregate basis. The methodology focuses on solvency impacts across credit risk, including securitisations, market risk, counterparty credit risk and credit valuation adjustment, and operational risk, including conduct risk. Banks must also project the effect of the scenarios on net interest income and on profit and loss and capital items not covered by other risk types. No hurdle rates or capital thresholds are set for the exercise, but competent authorities will use the results as an input to supervisory assessments.
HM Treasury has issued a call for evidence for the Access to Banking Services Review, focused on whether declining in-person banking access is causing consumer detriment in the UK. The review covers customer needs, affected groups, current provision and future market trends, with recommendations due to the Government in October 2026.
HM Treasury has issued a call for evidence to inform the Access to Banking Services Review, which is assessing whether declining access to in-person banking services in the UK is causing consumer detriment, including for specific customer groups. The review focuses on banking services rather than cash withdrawal or deposit services, which are already covered by legislation and Financial Conduct Authority powers. The call for evidence seeks input from financial institutions, consumers and consumer groups, local authorities, small and medium enterprises and trade bodies across the UK. It asks which in-person banking services remain essential, which groups require access, whether reduced access is causing detriment, how current provision and mitigations are working, and how in-person banking may evolve over the next five to 10 years and beyond.
The UK Financial Conduct Authority has proposed mortgage rule changes to give lenders more flexibility when assessing creditworthy but underserved borrowers. The proposals would ease interest-only and retirement interest-only rules, allow more flexibility for irregular income and foreign-income cases, narrow the use of the “credit-impaired customer” definition, and extend regulated bridging loans to 24 months.
The UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has proposed mortgage rule changes that would give lenders more scope to assess individual circumstances when serving first-time buyers and other underserved borrowers. The consultation focuses on consumers who may be creditworthy but face barriers because of age, irregular income, foreign-currency income, past credit issues or the need for short-term bridging finance. The FCA would keep its responsible lending framework and Consumer Duty protections in place. The proposals would ease parts of the framework for interest-only and retirement interest-only mortgages, including by removing the need for a credible repayment strategy where the interest-only element is less than 25% of the lender’s valuation. They would also clarify that lenders may offer non-monthly payment schedules for borrowers with variable or irregular income, narrow the use of the Handbook definition of “credit-impaired customer,” adjust requirements for mortgages involving foreign currency or foreign income, and extend the maximum term for regulated bridging loans from 12 months to 24 months, including extensions. Responses are due by July 28, 2026.
he Danish Financial Supervisory Authority found shortcomings in major Danish banks’ identification, analysis and management of ESG-related credit risks. Weaknesses included insufficient focus on material physical and transition risks, limited use and governance of non-mild scenario analysis, credit submissions that blurred ESG credit risk with broader sustainability issues, and underdeveloped first- and second-line controls.
The Danish Financial Supervisory Authority published a report on 2025 inspections of the largest Danish banks’ handling of ESG-related credit risks. The inspections found that the banks needed to strengthen how they identify, analyze and manage credit risks linked to environmental, climate, social and governance factors, with shortcomings relevant to other institutions with similar exposures. The main weaknesses concerned the identification of material ESG-related credit risks, portfolio analysis, credit processes and controls. The inspections showed a need for stronger assessment of both physical risks and transition risks, including future developments that may have limited probability but significant impact. Portfolio analysis also needed to make greater use of scenarios that are not mild, while knowledge of and choices about scenarios were often concentrated among a small number of employees despite their importance for measuring ESG-related credit risks. At the individual customer level, some credit submissions lacked analysis of ESG-related credit risks because they primarily described broader sustainability elements rather than factors affecting the customer’s business model, earnings capacity or repayment ability. The report also found a need for more concrete and operational integration of ESG-related credit risks into credit policies and procedures, more focused use of relevant ESG data, and stronger first- and second-line controls over the quality and implementation of ESG risk assessments.
The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets found that trading venues have established the foundations of DORA ICT risk management frameworks but remain short of full compliance in several areas. Key shortcomings relate to DORA gap assessments, core ICT controls, governance documentation and intragroup ICT arrangements.
The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (AFM) has published the findings of a thematic review of trading venues’ ICT risk management frameworks under the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA). The review of four trading venues found that, while firms generally have extensive ICT policies and procedures in place and address many DORA requirements at a design level, further work is needed to achieve full and sustainable compliance. The AFM identified four recurring areas for improvement. DORA gap assessments were often not sufficiently granular to identify all applicable requirements or map them clearly to existing policies, procedures and controls. Core ICT risk management controls required stronger design and coverage, including the administration of ICT asset inventories and legacy systems, procedures for keeping up to date with latest technologies, logging controls, the scope and frequency of security controls, emergency change procedures, and business continuity planning and testing, including prescribed scenarios. The review also found inconsistent distinctions between policies and procedures, making it less clear whether requirements that must be set out in policies are subject to the required governance and management body approval. For trading venues using intragroup ICT service providers, DORA-related requirements were not always consistently embedded in governance arrangements or group-level documentation.
Argentina's National Securities Commission expanded the tokenization regime to securities issued under automatic public offering authorization regimes, while excluding regimes for open-ended mutual funds (FCIA). It also added exchange-traded open-ended mutual fund units (FCIA ETF units) and CEVA exchange-traded products (CEVA ETPs), updated operational requirements for digital representation, and extended the sandbox until December 31, 2027.
Argentina's National Securities Commission approved changes that materially broaden the securities eligible for digital representation through distributed ledger technology or similar technology. The expanded regime admits tokenization for securities issued under the automatic public offering authorization regimes, except regimes applicable to open-ended mutual funds (FCIA). It also adds exchange-traded open-ended mutual fund units (FCIA ETF units) and CEVA exchange-traded products (CEVA ETPs) to the list of eligible instruments. The changes extend tokenization to automatic authorization issuances of shares, negotiable obligations, financial trust debt securities or participation certificates, and closed-ended mutual fund units. Low-impact automatic public offerings may be tokenized only if the issuer voluntarily prepares a prospectus under the medium-impact framework and seeks authorization for digital representation. The regime continues to exclude social, green, sustainable and sustainability-linked securities, and generally excludes foreign public debt securities, except sovereign securities issued by Mercosur member states and Chile. The resolution also updates operational requirements covering registered virtual asset service providers, holders of record, specialized distributed ledger technology entities, platform interoperability, transfer restrictions, voting traceability and custody certificates. Moreover, the regulatory sandbox for the tokenization regime is extended until December 31, 2027. Digital issuances made while the regime is in force will remain valid after that date, but no further digital representations may be created under the regime after expiry unless the Commission extends or modifies it. Securities authorized for digital representation but not actually represented digitally within two years will be excluded from the regime.
The Central Bank of Barbados launched BiMPay on June 12, 2026, enabling instant interbank payments across Barbados. All six commercial banks and the three largest credit unions connected to the payment rail at launch, while seven out of the nine institutions also connected to the BiMPay e-wallet.
The Central Bank of Barbados launched BiMPay, Barbados’ new national instant payment system, at 11:59 p.m. on June 12, 2026. The system enables payments that previously took hours or days to settle in seconds, on a 24/7 basis, marking a key step in the modernization of Barbados’ payments infrastructure. At launch, all six commercial banks and the three largest credit unions were connected to the BiMPay rail, which replaces the automated clearing house and real-time processing systems for interbank transfers. Seven institutions were also connected to the Central Bank’s BiMPay e-wallet, which supports payments using phone numbers, email addresses or QR codes, as well as requests for payment. For the remainder of the participating institutions, e-wallet connectivity will be phased in, with Scotiabank expected to enable access within 30 days of launch and AffinityPlus Credit Union within 60 days.
The Dubai Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority has issued good practice guidance on AML/CFT business risk assessments for licensed VASPs, based on findings from its 2026 thematic review. The guidance sets expectations for board oversight, documented and data-driven risk methodologies, separate proliferation financing assessment, and clear links between BRA outcomes and day-to-day AML/CFT controls. It also reinforces the requirement to review BRAs at least every three months and update them when material changes occur.
The Dubai Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority has published good practice guidance on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing business risk assessments (BRA) for licensed virtual asset service providers. Drawing on supervisory observations from its 2026 BRA thematic review, the paper sets out what VARA considers robust practice in building, maintaining and using a BRA as the foundation of a VASP’s financial crime framework. It also restates that, under VARA’s Compliance and Risk Management Rulebook, VASPs must maintain a BRA, review it at least every three months and update it whenever significant changes occur, with outcomes feeding directly into AML/CFT policies, procedures, systems, controls and resource allocation. The guidance focuses on the substance of a strong BRA framework. It calls for board approval and challenge, supported by a three lines of defence model that includes independent validation of methodology and control effectiveness. Methodology should be documented, transparent and repeatable, with clear treatment of inherent risk, control effectiveness, residual risk and aggregation to an overall risk view. VARA also expects BRAs to be grounded in operational data and external risk sources, to cover virtual asset specific exposures such as unhosted wallets, anonymity enhanced transactions, DeFi, cross-border transfers, stablecoins and emerging fraud typologies, and to assess proliferation financing separately from money laundering and terrorist financing with an explicit link to targeted financial sanctions controls, including screening, freezing and goAML reporting processes. The paper also stresses operationalisation and maintenance. BRA findings should drive concrete decisions such as transaction monitoring calibration, sanctions screening enhancements, enhanced due diligence measures and compliance staffing priorities. Trigger-based updates should follow developments such as new products, customer or geographic shifts, supervisory findings, sanctions events or key AML/CFT personnel changes.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission and other federal financial regulators finalized joint Financial Data Transparency Act standards to make regulatory data more interoperable, yet without changing reporting requirement. The rule establishes the Legal Entity Identifier, the Unique Product Identifier for swaps and security-based swaps, the Classification of Financial Instruments for other instruments, and common standards for dates, geographies, currencies, and machine-readable data formats.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission established joint data standards under the Financial Data Transparency Act of 2022 as part of a multi-agency final rule intended to promote interoperability of financial regulatory data. The standards apply at the agency level and cover data submitted to certain financial regulatory agencies, but they do not change existing reporting requirements unless agencies take further action through separate rulemakings or other actions. The joint standards establish the Legal Entity Identifier under ISO 17442 for legal entities, the Unique Product Identifier under ISO 4914 for swaps and security-based swaps, and the Classification of Financial Instruments under ISO 10962 for financial instruments that are not swaps or security-based swaps. They also set standards for dates, U.S. state and possession abbreviations, country and subdivision codes, and currency codes. The agencies did not establish the proposed Financial Instrument Global Identifier as a joint standard, did not require the Basic format option under ISO 8601 for dates, and did not establish joint standards for accounting taxonomies or census tracts. The final joint rule is effective October 1, 2026. Agency-specific standards for covered collections of information will be considered separately, with agencies retaining discretion to tailor standards, scale requirements, minimize disruption and, where appropriate, adopt standards not established in the joint rule.
The New York State Department of Financial Services proposed a regulation to align its U.S. dollar-backed payment stablecoin framework with the GENIUS Act. The rule would preserve DFS’s existing standards on reserves, redeemability and audits, while adding federal-aligned requirements on custody concentration, risk management, capital, redemption, cybersecurity and compliance. The final regulation would take effect with the GENIUS Act.
The New York State Department of Financial Services proposed a regulation to align its framework for U.S. dollar-backed payment stablecoins with federal requirements under the GENIUS Act. The proposal carries forward DFS’s existing requirements on backing, redeemability, permissible reserves and independent audits, while adding provisions intended to support certification of New York’s state regime under the federal framework. The proposed rule would apply to authorized payment stablecoin issuers approved by DFS. It would set eligibility and approval requirements, restrict prohibited activities, require reserves to be held with eligible financial institutions, impose redemption policies with a two-business-day standard, and establish capital, operational backstop, Bank Secrecy Act, anti-money laundering, sanctions, risk management, cybersecurity, examination, recordkeeping, custody and insolvency-related requirements. Issuers with USD 25 billion or more in outstanding issuance value would have to hold at least 0.5 percent of reserve assets, capped at USD 500 million, in insured deposits or insured shares. n\n The final regulation would take effect at the same time as the GENIUS Act, with a one-year transition period for existing New York-licensed issuers. DFS’s 2022 stablecoin guidance remains in effect until the regulation applies and would be withdrawn on the effective date of the new rule.
The U.S. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network clarified that financial institutions may share suspected fraud information under the section 314(b) safe harbor. The guidance permits real-time sharing of a broad range of fraud, cyber, transaction and account-related information, while preserving confidentiality and suspicious activity report restrictions.
The U.S. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) issued updated guidance clarifying that financial institutions may use the section 314(b) information-sharing safe harbor to share information about suspected fraud, money laundering, terrorist financing and other specified unlawful activities with other eligible financial institutions. The guidance expands and replaces FinCEN’s December 2020 fact sheet and emphasizes that section 314(b) can support real-time sharing to identify illicit financial activity. Fraud-related information may be shared where a financial institution suspects the activity may involve proceeds of fraud, further or conceal a fraudulent scheme, or otherwise relate to a specified unlawful activity. Covered information may include transaction data, video surveillance footage, cyber-related data such as IP addresses and geolocations, device identification numbers, account decisions, transaction-monitoring alerts and fraud indicators such as newly added payees followed by large transfers. Information may be shared verbally, in writing or through electronic platforms, including in real time, provided participating institutions safeguard confidentiality and use the information only for permitted anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing purposes. FinCEN also clarified that the safe harbor can cover information about attempted transactions or attempts to induce transactions, and that a registered institution may share information even if it does not know whether it relates to a specific customer, account or transaction of the recipient. Section 314(b) does not permit sharing suspicious activity reports or revealing their existence, although institutions collaborating under section 314(b) may consider filing joint suspicious activity reports where permitted.
The Canadian Securities Administrators adopted final amendments limiting principal distributors to mutual funds in the same mutual fund family. The changes require disclosure of principal distributor arrangements and compensation, restrict related representative incentives, and ensure the deferred sales charge option is unavailable for these distributions.
The Canadian Securities Administrators adopted final amendments to the principal distributor model for mutual fund securities, clarifying that a dealer may act as principal distributor, i.e. a dealer that has an exclusive right, or a major competitive advantage, in selling a mutual fund, only for mutual funds in the same mutual fund family. The dealer can still sell funds from other fund families in the ordinary way, without acting as their principal distributor. The amendments also require disclosure of principal distributor arrangements and related compensation, and close a gap by ensuring the deferred sales charge option is not available for mutual fund securities distributed by principal distributors. The disclosure requirements apply to the prospectus, Fund Facts document and annual report on charges and other compensation. The amendments also prohibit a principal distributor from providing incentives to representatives to recommend one mutual fund over another within the same mutual fund family, and repeal the commission rebate provision tied to deferred sales charge transactions. Subject to required ministerial approvals, most changes take effect on October 1, 2026, while the annual compensation reporting changes take effect on January 1, 2027.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has proposed a framework for reviewing prediction market event contracts that may involve unlawful activity, terrorism, assassination, war, gaming, or similar activity. The proposal would define key terms, set public interest review factors, and establish a 90-day process for determining whether such contracts may be listed or cleared.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has proposed amendments to Regulation 40.11 and a new Appendix F to Part 40 to clarify how it would review event contracts listed by CFTC-registered prediction markets. The proposal would establish a structured framework for determining whether an event contract involves an activity enumerated in Section 5c(c)(5)(C) of the Commodity Exchange Act, namely unlawful activity, terrorism, assassination, war, gaming, or similar activity, and whether the contract is contrary to the public interest. The framework would define when an event contract “involves” an enumerated activity, introduce a definition of “gaming,” and set out public interest factors focused on price discovery and information aggregation, market integrity, settlement reliability, misuse of non-public information, and the ability of a registered entity to supervise the contract. The CFTC would also apply activity-specific factors, including stricter treatment for contracts involving terrorism, assassination, war, unlawful activity, games of random chance, player injuries, officiating decisions, discrete sports actions, physical altercations, and pre-collegiate sports. The proposal would also formalize a 90-day Commission review process, allow consolidated review of similar contracts, and clarify that contracts may continue to be listed if the Commission does not issue a contrary-to-public-interest order by the end of the review period. Comments are due by July 27, 2026.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission proposed changes to its whistleblower rules for smaller award determinations. Where 30 percent of collected monetary sanctions would result in a whistleblower award of USD 5 million or less, the award would generally be set at that 30 percent statutory maximum. The change is modeled on the SEC’s rule and is intended to speed award determinations, improve predictability and further harmonize the agencies’ whistleblower frameworks.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission published a proposed rule to amend its whistleblower rules for smaller award determinations. Under the proposal, where 30 percent of the monetary sanctions collected in covered and related enforcement actions would result in a whistleblower award of USD 5 million or less, the award would generally be set at that 30 percent statutory maximum. The proposal is modeled on Securities and Exchange Commission rule 21F-6(c) and is intended to make award processing more efficient, transparent and predictable, while further aligning the two agencies’ whistleblower programs. The proposed approach would apply only where the Commission does not reasonably expect future collections to push the 30 percent award amount above USD 5 million. It would not apply where specified negative factors are present, including culpable conduct, interference with internal compliance or reporting systems, or unreasonable reporting delay, although the Commission could waive the delay criterion in limited circumstances. The Commission would also retain discretion to set a lower award where the whistleblower’s assistance was limited or where the higher award would be inconsistent with the public interest or the objectives of the whistleblower program. The proposal would also make technical corrections to reflect the Whistleblower Office’s 2025 move to the Office of the General Counsel. Comments are due 30 days after publication in the Federal Register.
Monetary policy developments
Rate decisions during the week of June 8 showed again strong convergence towards maintaining rates. The Bank of Canada kept rates at 2.25%, noting weak activity and limited evidence so far of broad pass-through from higher energy prices, but stressing that it would not allow those effects to become persistent. Türkiye maintained the one-week repo rate at 37%, keeping a tight stance as energy prices remained volatile and elevated despite a slight improvement in the underlying inflation trend. Serbia held at 5.75%, with inflation still within target but expected to rise temporarily as oil prices feed into domestic fuel costs, while the Central Bank of Peru also kept its reference rate at 4.25%, treating above target inflation as largely supply-driven and expected to return to target as shocks fade.The European Central Bank marked the exception, lifting all three key rates by 25 bp after staff projections revised inflation higher and growth lower as the Middle East war continued to lift energy prices and created risks of broader pass-through.