The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has withdrawn or amended questions and answers on market structure under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II), the Market Abuse Regulation and the Short Selling Regulation. The update forms part of its Simplification and Burden Reduction initiative and removes guidance that is outdated, duplicative or no longer relevant. The review targeted answers made obsolete by legislative amendments now reflected in established market practices, as well as issues already covered in other ESMA publications, including supervisory briefings and opinions. Stakeholders should read the revised questions and answers alongside other applicable ESMA guidance for a comprehensive interpretation of the rules.

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