The Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force (MENAFATF) opened a Public–Private Partnership (PPP) seminar in Manama, Bahrain, focused on improving the effective implementation of Targeted Financial Sanctions (TFS) related to countering terrorism financing and proliferation financing. The programme is framed around strengthening institutional cooperation and practical information exchange between competent authorities, financial institutions, and designated non-financial businesses and professions (DNFBPs). Hosted by the Kingdom of Bahrain in cooperation with the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ), the seminar covers the characteristics of effective PPPs and clarifies respective public and private sector roles and responsibilities in implementing TFS, alongside private sector compliance challenges. It also addresses digital and technological tools to support monitoring, detection, and reporting, the use of beneficial ownership registers to strengthen sanctions enforcement, the latest FATF guidance on proliferation financing risk assessment and mitigation, and national and regional experiences in operating TFS frameworks.