The Bank of Spain published its 2025 annual accounts showing a profit of EUR 234 million, which will be transferred in full to the Public Treasury. The result marks a return to profitability after the operating losses recorded in 2023 and 2024, which the Bank of Spain offset by drawing on provisions, resulting in a zero profit outcome for both years. The accounts attribute the recovery mainly to a fall in the cost of liabilities as successive cuts in the deposit facility rate between June 2024 and June 2025 restored positive margins. Net results from monetary policy operations remained negative at EUR -2,071 million in 2025, but were around four times smaller than the EUR -8,389 million recorded in 2024, reflecting lower interest expenses on credit institutions’ deposits (EUR -4,448 million from EUR -8,036 million) and a smaller negative contribution from intra-Eurosystem accounts and the redistribution of monetary income (EUR -3,709 million from EUR -6,884 million). On the positive side, income from foreign currency assets and the Bank’s own euro portfolio totalled EUR 3,038 million.