The Bank of Italy published Recommendations on how financial institutions should perform self-assessments of money laundering and terrorist financing (ML/TF) risks, following a thematic review of current practices. The Recommendations are intended to disseminate good practice and help institutions identify and address vulnerabilities promptly. The thematic review covered a sample of financial institutions operating across different sectors and treated ML/TF risk self-assessment as a key tool for building awareness of threats and evaluating the robustness of mitigating controls. The Recommendations focus on the organisation and functions involved in the exercise, the methodology applied and tools used, and group-level internal controls.