The Reserve Bank of India has repealed 9,445 circulars with immediate effect, withdrawing regulatory instructions that have been consolidated into 244 Master Directions issued by its Department of Regulation. The 244 Master Directions consolidate instructions issued by the Department of Regulation and by erstwhile departments that have since been merged into it, while instructions considered obsolete were not carried over. The withdrawal covers both circulars whose instructions are now consolidated into the Master Directions and circulars that have become obsolete or redundant, with actions already taken or initiated under the repealed directions, instructions or guidelines continuing to be governed by the provisions applicable at the time.