The National Bank of Moldova hosted the first “New Technology for Old Markets” international conference in Chișinău, organised with the National Bank of Romania and Banque de France, convening central bank governors, academics and fintech and market participants to discuss how new technologies are reshaping finance in emerging markets. Opening remarks from National Bank of Moldova Governor Anca Dragu focused on technology-driven changes in financial market architecture and the opportunity for emerging economies to build modern, flexible and inclusive infrastructure. National Bank of Romania Deputy Governor Cosmin Marinescu highlighted the institutions’ partnership and linked it to Moldova’s preparation for European Union accession through alignment of regulation and supervisory activities with EU legislation, confirming continued support from the National Bank of Romania. The programme combined academic research and policy discussion, including work on cryptocurrencies, financial literacy and investor behaviour, governance of innovation through institutional learning, and the use of artificial intelligence to monitor risks and predict defaults, alongside panels on digital transformation, diversity in finance and distributed ledger technology. The conference was positioned as the first edition of an annual event intended to create a permanent collaboration platform between researchers, central banks and the private sector to support Moldova’s financial modernisation and integration, with participation from 14 countries in a hybrid format.