The Bank of Italy published a paper on the practical implementation of a quantum-safe public key infrastructure (PKI) in a payment systems environment, setting out the main challenges and critical issues in migrating to a quantum-resistant PKI architecture. The analysis frames PKI-based digital certification services as foundational to the secure functioning of payment systems and financial market infrastructures and examines the transition risks posed by future quantum computers that could break current classical cryptographic schemes. It presents a proof of concept using quantum-safe cryptographic algorithms, finding performance to be satisfactory but noting that current PKI software solutions are not yet fully compatible with quantum-safe algorithms available on the market, implying further adaptation will be needed to align with emerging standards and support wider adoption.