The Australian Securities & Investments Commission has prevailed in two Full Federal Court appeals in its proceedings against small amount lender Sunshine Loans, confirming that the lender contravened the National Credit Code by entering into small amount credit contracts containing an unlawful fee and charging that fee to customers. The Court unanimously dismissed Sunshine Loans’ appeal from Justice Derrington’s 12 April 2024 liability decision and criticised the way the appeal was conducted. In ASIC’s separate appeal, Justices Colvin and Bromwich (Perram J dissenting) overturned Justice Derrington’s decision to recuse himself from the penalty phase, holding that the error was treating the penalty hearing as separate and distinct from the liability hearing such that views formed in the first hearing could not be carried into the second. The matter will return to Justice Derrington for a hearing on the appropriate penalty to be paid by Sunshine Loans.